Relocating to Japan: A Singaporean Parent's Perspective on Education
Many have asked about our decision to relocate to Japan with young children, particularly concerning their education. This video addresses those concerns and compares the Japanese and Singaporean education systems from a parent's perspective. We're SG Dad, documenting our family's journey from Singapore to Japan, and education is a major consideration for us.
The Japanese Education System: Structure and Types of Schools
Key Stages of Education
In Japan, education is structured in stages:
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Kindergarten/Nursery: Ages 3-6
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Elementary School: Ages 6-12 (similar to primary school)
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Junior High School: Ages 12-15
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Senior High School: Ages 15-18
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University/College: Typically 4 years
Education is compulsory for nine years: six years of elementary and three years of junior high school. While senior high school is optional, almost 98% of students continue their education.
Types of Schools
There are three main types of schools in Japan:
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Public Schools: These are the most common and almost free. They follow the national curriculum and classes are conducted entirely in Japanese. Admission is based on residential address.
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Private Schools: More selective and varied, these schools can be affiliated with religious organizations and offer unique programs. Cost is higher, and lessons are conducted in Japanese.
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International Schools: Mainly for foreigners, these schools are expensive and follow various curricula (American, British, etc.). Instruction is usually in English.
Exam System
There is no national exam for elementary to junior high school. However, entrance exams are required for private junior high schools and all senior high schools (public or private). This creates a stressful period for students aiming for top high schools. At the university level, students take the Common Test for University Admissions.
Comparing Japanese and Singaporean Education Systems: A Personal Perspective
Stress Levels and Examination Pressure
Singapore's education system can be more stressful for young children because of the PSLE (Primary School Leaving Examination) at age 12. This exam significantly impacts academic future at a young age. In contrast, Japan's high-stakes entrance exams occur around age 15. Students are more mature and have more time to explore their interests before facing such pressure.
Streaming and Social Environment
In Singapore, students are streamed into different secondary schools based on PSLE results, which can impact their self-esteem and future opportunities. Japan keeps students together in mixed-ability public schools through junior high, avoiding early labeling and fostering a more diverse learning environment. This allows late bloomers more time to catch up.
Parental Involvement and Tuition Culture
Singapore's education system encourages a homogeneous learning environment. Parents often invest heavily in tuition to give their children a competitive edge. This creates a culture of competition. In Japan, "juku" (cram schools) are more targeted for specific exam preparation and not as deeply embedded in everyday schooling. The cultural mindset surrounding academic success is different.
Language Acquisition and Adaptation
Our children are at an ideal age (4-6) to adapt to the Japanese education system and learn the language naturally. Local governments offer support programs for non-Japanese students. Japanese elementary schools also emphasize outdoor activities and health.
English Language Ability
We are aware of Japan's weaker English education, so we will continue to expose our children to English at home. Their existing foundation in English may become an advantage, as English proficiency is increasingly part of high school and university entrance exams.
The Essence of Education: Options vs. Tracks
We question whether we are building more options for our children or just creating a "track" that looks good from the outside. We want to value the journey and not just the destination, allowing our children to walk with joy and purpose.
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